Analysis of the Relationship Between Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Body Mass Index on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention in Moyongkota Village

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide, caused by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or the body's inability to effectively use the insulin produced. Type 2 DM is the most common form, accounting for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases globally. The prevalence of DM has been increasing worldwide, both in high-income countries and in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) with preventive behaviors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Moyongkota Village, Modayag Barat Health Center, Bolaang Mongondow Timur Regency. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach, involving 77 randomly selected samples. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The Chi-Square test results showed a significant relationship between dietary patterns and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05). There was also a significant relationship between physical activity and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between BMI and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05).