Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Hypertension in the Community in the Working Area of Bahu Health Center, Malalayang District, Manado City

Abstract

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and often presents without symptoms, leading to delayed recognition until serious complications such as heart dysfunction and stroke occur. Hypertension remains a global public health problem, including in Indonesia. Lifestyle factors, including unhealthy dietary patterns, suboptimal physical activity, and smoking habits, are known to contribute to the development of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing dietary patterns, physical activity, and smoking habits associated with the occurrence of hypertension among residents of Bahu Subdistrict VI, Malalayang District, Manado City. This study employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. Informants consisted of adults aged 30–50 years with hypertension and healthcare workers in the working area of Bahu Community Health Center. The findings indicate that lifestyle factors are associated with hypertension among individuals of productive age. Although most informants demonstrated adequate knowledge of hypertension, this knowledge was not fully reflected in healthy behavioral practices. Unhealthy dietary patterns and smoking habits played a significant role in the occurrence of hypertension, whereas physical activity was not identified as a dominant factor.