Journal of Health Education and Behavior
Journal of Health Education and Behavior Journal HEB: Journal of Health Education and Behavior is a scientific publication that presents various articles discussing health promotion and behavioral science. Issues covered include organizational behavior, health education, community empowerment in health, health policy and politics, social determinants of health, health communication, and socio-cultural aspects in the world of health. This journal has a vision to become an international journal focusing on health promotion and behavioral science in developing countries. Meanwhile, the mission of this journal is: To disseminate research results related to health promotion and behavioral science in developing countries. To publish scientific works such as research results, literature reviews, and systematic reviews in these fields. To become a trusted reference for academics, researchers, students, and professionals in the field of health promotion and behavior. Meanwhile, Jurnal HEB: Journal of Health Education and Behavior was recently published by the Health Promotion Study Program at Polkesdo. This journal is based in Manado and will be published twice a year, in June and December for regular editions. The Promkes Journal invites academics, researchers, and practitioners working in the field of health promotion and education to contribute by submitting scientific manuscripts. All manuscripts will undergo a review process by experts from Indonesia. Submitted articles must be written in English, and each edition will be indexed temporarily as the HEB Journal has recently been published in important databases such as Portal Garuda and Google Scholar.
Jurusan Keperawatan Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Manado
The Effect of Video Media and Leaflet Media on Obesity Prevention Behavior, Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Students at SMP Negeri 10 Manado and SMP Negeri 1 Talawaan
Obesity is a serious public health problem that contributes to an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other non-communicable diseases. Adolescents are a vulnerable group due to unhealthy diets and low physical activity. This study aimed to determine the effect of video media and leaflets on obesity prevention behaviors related to diabetes risk among students at SMP Negeri 10 Manado and SMP Negeri 1 Talawaan. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest-posttest design. A sample of 60 students was randomly selected and divided into two groups: video (30 students) and leaflet (30 students). The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using an independent sample t-test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed a significant difference in obesity prevention behaviors before and after the intervention in both media groups (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Video media utilized visual-audio stimuli that captured participants' attention and increased engagement. Meanwhile, leaflets had the advantage of being easy to reread, could be stored, and served as a practical source of information for students.
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Journal of Health Education and Behavior http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Handwashing Behavior and the Incidence of Diarrhea Among Students at SD GMIM 54 Lapangan, Mapanget District, Manado City
Health problems in school-aged children are often related to behaviors that contribute to the spread of germs. One common example is the habit of not washing hands before and after eating or after using the toilet. When children do not wash their hands, bacteria can enter the body through the food they consume. This study aims to determine the relationship between handwashing behavior and the incidence of diarrhea among students at SD GMIM 54 Lapangan, Mapanget District, Manado City. This is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach conducted on 50 randomly selected samples. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The Chi-Square test results showed a significant relationship between handwashing knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.000 < 0.05). There was also a significant relationship between handwashing attitudes and the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between handwashing behavior and the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.000 < 0.05). The conclusion of this study indicates that there is a significant relationship between handwashing behavior and the incidence of diarrhea among students at SD GMIM 54 Lapangan. This suggests that hygienic behavior, especially handwashing, plays an important role in preventing diarrheal diseases among school-aged children.
The Effectiveness of ISPA Disease Prevention Video Media on Increasing Public Knowledge in the Working Area of the Minanga Health Center, Manado City
Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) are one of the major remains a health problem with a high incidence in Indonesia, including in the Minanga Community Health Center (Puskesmas) area in Manado City. Health promotion efforts through educational media are an important strategy for increasing public knowledge about ARI prevention. This study aims to illustrate the effectiveness of video media in improving public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding ARI prevention. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, involving seven core informants (people aged 25–40 years) and one supporting informant (a health promotion officer), and is supplemented with observation data. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and direct observation of educational activities in the field. The results of the study indicate that video media used in ISPA education has a positive impact on increasing public understanding. Information conveyed through videos is considered easier to understand due to its visual presentation and short duration. Most informants stated that there were changes in behavior after watching the videos, such as wearing masks when sick, maintaining cough etiquette, and washing hands regularly. Interviews with health promotion officers and observations support these findings. In conclusion, video media is an effective educational tool in public health promotion related to ISPA prevention. Efforts are needed to expand access and distribution of videos to reach more levels of society.
The Impact of Digital Media Based Health Services "Smart Code" in Improving Clean and Healthy Living Behavior in the Community at Manado City Hospital
This study examined the impact of the Smart Code digital health service on promoting Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) among patients and visitors at Manado City General Hospital. The increasing use of digital technology enables convenient access to health information through Quick Response (QR) Codes; however, limited digital literacy may hinder optimal utilization. This study aimed to explore the contribution of Smart Code to health education services and CHLB implementation using the Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations involving patients, health promotion officers, and media developers selected purposively. The findings indicated that Smart Code improved access to health information, enhanced knowledge and awareness of personal and environmental hygiene, and encouraged healthy practices such as proper handwashing, appropriate waste disposal, and compliance with smoke-free regulations. These behavioral changes were supported by predisposing factors, including knowledge and attitudes, and enabling factors, particularly digital media availability. Smart Code represents an effective innovation for strengthening digital health promotion and fostering sustainable healthy behaviors in healthcare settings.
Analysis Of Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Diet In Hypertension Prevention In Moyongkota Village, West Modayag District, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency
Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases that is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Unhealthy dietary patterns are one of the risk factors for hypertension, and are often influenced by the socio-cultural factors of the community. This study aims to analyze the socio-cultural factors that influence dietary patterns in the prevention of hypertension in Moyongkota Village, Modayag Barat Subdistrict, Bolaang Mongondow Timur Regency. This research used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects included the community who suffered from and did not suffer from hypertension, village officials, and health workers at Moyongkota Village Health Center. Data analysis was carried out using interactive analysis (content analysis) by Miles and Huberman. The research findings indicate that socio-cultural factors such as traditions of high-salt, meat, and fat-rich foods, habits of consuming food at traditional events, parties, and family gatherings in determining the menu, as well as economic limitations, significantly influence the community’s dietary patterns. Shared eating culture during large events often leads to excessive consumption of salty, fatty, and meat-based foods. In addition, the perception that traditional foods are not harmful also contributes to dietary patterns that are at risk of causing hypertension. It can be concluded that socio-cultural factors greatly influence dietary patterns in Moyongkota Village and contribute to the high risk of hypertension. Culturally-based interventions and education that sensitively incorporate community social values are urgently needed to support effective hypertension prevention efforts
The Relationship Between Intensity of Instagram Social Media Use and The Learning Environment with Student Concentration in Grade XI at SMA Negeri 9 Manado
Learning concentration refers to students' ability to focus their attention and thoughts on the learning process while minimizing distractions, enabling optimal achievement of learning objectives. Learning concentration is influenced by various factors, including the intensity of social media use and the learning environment. Instagram is one of the most widely used social media platforms in Indonesia and has the potential to affect students' learning behavior. The learning environment includes physical, social, psychological, and cultural conditions that directly or indirectly influence the learning process, both inside and outside the classroom. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the intensity of Instagram use and the learning environment with learning concentration among eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 9 Manado. This study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 90 students selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between the intensity of Instagram use and students' learning concentration (p < 0.05), indicating that higher Instagram use was associated with lower learning concentration. In addition, a conducive learning environment was significantly associated with improved learning concentration among students.
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Journal of Health Education and Behavior http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Hypertension in the Community in the Working Area of Bahu Health Center, Malalayang District, Manado City
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and often presents without symptoms, leading to delayed recognition until serious complications such as heart dysfunction and stroke occur. Hypertension remains a global public health problem, including in Indonesia. Lifestyle factors, including unhealthy dietary patterns, suboptimal physical activity, and smoking habits, are known to contribute to the development of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing dietary patterns, physical activity, and smoking habits associated with the occurrence of hypertension among residents of Bahu Subdistrict VI, Malalayang District, Manado City. This study employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. Informants consisted of adults aged 30–50 years with hypertension and healthcare workers in the working area of Bahu Community Health Center. The findings indicate that lifestyle factors are associated with hypertension among individuals of productive age. Although most informants demonstrated adequate knowledge of hypertension, this knowledge was not fully reflected in healthy behavioral practices. Unhealthy dietary patterns and smoking habits played a significant role in the occurrence of hypertension, whereas physical activity was not identified as a dominant factor.
Comparative Effectiveness of Audiovisual and Print Media in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Prevention
Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence and is strongly influenced by preventive health behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the effectiveness of health promotion media, including digital posters, educational videos, and leaflets, and preventive behaviors toward Type II DM in the working area of Minanga Public Health Center. This study used a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests with the Chi-Square method. The results showed that most respondents were aged 51–60 years, male, and had a senior high school education. Digital posters were rated as good by 66% of respondents, educational videos by 45%, and leaflets by 42%. Preventive behavior was categorized as very good in 55% of respondents. The Chi-Square test indicated a significant relationship between educational videos and preventive behavior (p=0.000), while digital posters and leaflets showed no significant relationship. It is concluded that educational videos are more effective in improving preventive behaviors toward Type II DM. Health centers are recommended to prioritize informative and relevant educational video media.
The Effect of Video and Leaflet Media on Obesity Prevention Behavior and Diabetes Mellitus Risk among Junior High School Students
The Effect of Smoking Behavior on Students’ Learning Discipline: A Study at SMA Negeri 2 Bitung
Smoking among students is a growing concern worldwide. Research conducted by the Indonesia Institute for Social Development (IISD) in collaboration with the Muhammadiyah Student Association (IPM) revealed that 27.7% of high school students in Indonesia have tried smoking. Furthermore, 10.67% of students actively smoke on a daily basis. Among teenagers, smoking is often perceived as a symbol of maturity or a form of rebellion against rules. However, deciding to smoke at a young age can have detrimental effects on both health and development. This study aims to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and learning discipline among students at SMA Negeri 2 Bitung. This is a quantitative research study using a cross-sectional approach, conducted on 40 randomly selected samples. Data collection was done using a questionnaire that had previously undergone validity and reliability testing. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The chi-square test results showed a significant relationship between smoking behavior and students' learning discipline (p = 0.000 < 0.05).
Analysis of the Relationship Between Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Body Mass Index on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention in Moyongkota Village
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide, caused by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or the body's inability to effectively use the insulin produced. Type 2 DM is the most common form, accounting for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases globally. The prevalence of DM has been increasing worldwide, both in high-income countries and in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) with preventive behaviors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Moyongkota Village, Modayag Barat Health Center, Bolaang Mongondow Timur Regency. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach, involving 77 randomly selected samples. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The Chi-Square test results showed a significant relationship between dietary patterns and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05). There was also a significant relationship between physical activity and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between BMI and preventive behaviors for T2DM (p = 0.000 < 0.05).
The Effect Of Animated Video Media On The Dangers Of Smoking On Adolescents' Knowledge And Attitudes At SMP Negeri 5 Lirung
Adolescence is a time of emotional and psychological instability, where young people search for their identity. This search for identity often ignores the health risks of the harmful effects of smoking. Cigarettes are a significant health risk factor among adolescents, so interesting and effective educational interventions are needed. Animated video media was chosen as an educational tool because it has visual and audio capabilities to convey messages interactively and are easily understood. This study aims to analyze the effect of animated video media on the dangers of smoking on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents at SMP Negeri 5 Lirung. This study used a quantitative method with a One-Group Pretest and posttest design. The research sample consisted of 70 junior high school students in grades 7, 8, and 9 who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge and changes in students' attitudes after watching animated videos about the dangers of smoking. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant value (p= 0.001<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of providing education through animated videos on the dangers of smoking on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents at SMP Negeri 5 Lirung
The Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding Education Video Media on the Knowledge and Attitudes of Breastfeeding Mothers in The Region Working Area of Tateli Health Center
Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants and plays a vital role in improving the health of both mothers and children. Exclusive breastfeeding, defined as providing only breast milk without any additional food or drink, is crucial during the first six months of life to support optimal growth and development and reduce infant morbidity and mortality. However, in the working area of Tateli Health Center, data from November 2023 to April 2024 showed that only 36.07% of 122 infants aged 0–6 months received exclusive breastfeeding, far below the national target of 80%. This study aimed to examine the effect of educational video media on the knowledge and attitudes of breastfeeding mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding in this region. The research design was quasi-experimental, involving 55 mothers selected through random sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires and analyzed using the one-sample t-test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed a significant improvement in maternal knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention (p = 0.000 < 0.05). This indicates that educational video media effectively enhances mothers’ understanding and attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding.
Educational Factors, Income Factors, Maternal Height Factors, And Parenting Factors Are Associated With Stunting Control In Children Under Five In Tateli Dua Village, Mandolang Sub-District, Minahasa District
Stunting is a condition of impaired growth in toddlers caused by chronic malnutrition, resulting in children being shorter than the standard height for their age. This condition typically becomes apparent after the child reaches the age of two. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting is 21.6%, making it a significant public health concern. Several factors contribute to stunting, including parental education, family income, maternal height, and parenting practices. This study examines the relationship between these factors and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Tateli Dua Village. A cross-sectional study design involved 73 mothers with children under five. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared statistical test. The results showed significant relationships between stunting and parental education (p = 0.000), family income (p = 0.001), maternal height (p = 0.001), and parenting patterns (p = 0.001), all of which were below the significance level (α < 0.05). These findings indicate that the identified factors are significantly associated with stunting in toddlers. The study concludes that improving parental education, increasing household income, ensuring adequate maternal nutrition, and promoting effective parenting practices are essential to reducing stunting rates.
The Relationship Between Eating Patterns and Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Working Area of Amurang Barat Public Health Center, South Minahasa Regency
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood glucose levels due to prolonged glucose intolerance. This condition is often linked to severe complications, including cardiovascular issues, nerve damage, and kidney dysfunction. In Indonesia, the incidence of type 2 diabetes continues to grow, reaching 8.6% of the total population, making it a significant public health concern. Dietary habits play a vital role in managing type 2 diabetes, as excessive consumption of fat, salt, and sugar can exacerbate the condition. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary behavior and blood glucose levels among patients with type 2 diabetes in the Amurang Barat Health Center area. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 78 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Data collection included demographic information, knowledge of healthy eating, and attitudes and practices related to diet management. The analysis revealed that although most participants demonstrated good knowledge regarding healthy diets, this was not consistently reflected in their daily practices. The Spearman’s rho correlation test showed a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, dietary practices, and blood sugar levels (p = 0.001; p < 0.05), highlighting the importance of consistent implementation of healthy dietary habits in effective diabetes management.
The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitudes of the Chronic Disease Management Program with Diabetes Mellitus Control Actions at the Tikala Baru Health Center
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that occurs in the pancreas, which is characterized by an increase in blood sugar caused by a decrease in the amount of insulin in the pancreas. Diabetes mellitus has a significant relationship with the body, especially if it is not managed correctly. The program to overcome the problem and control the problem of diabetes mellitus is to carry out partnerships. The government's program in controlling diabetes mellitus, namely the collaboration between BPJS and health facilities, developed the Prolanis partnership program. The prolanis program, organized by BPJS and the government, positively impacts education and the treatment of chronic diseases, namely, hypertension and diabetes. To determine the relationship between the knowledge and attitude of prolanists and diabetes mellitus control actions. This study uses quantitative research. The type of research uses Cross-Sectional research to determine the relationship between participants' knowledge and attitudes and diabetes mellitus control measures. The analysis results of this study obtained a correlation coefficient value between knowledge and action with a significant level of 0.793, and for the result of a correlation coefficient value between attitude and action with a significant level of 0.042. There is no relationship between knowledge and prolanist actions in controlling diabetes mellitus. There is a relationship between prolanist attitudes and actions in controlling diabetes mellitus.